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Diaspora, Development, and Democracy: The Domestic Impact of International Migration from India – By Devesh Kapur – Kondo – 2012 – The Developing Economies – Wiley Online Library
tags: newjournalarticles
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REMITTANCES AND AGGREGATE LABOR SUPPLY: EVIDENCE FROM SIXTY-SIX DEVELOPING NATIONS – POSSO – 2012 – The Developing Economies – Wiley Online Library
“Do remittances reduce labor supply in recipient economies? This paper addresses this question with aggregate level data for a panel of sixty-six developing countries from the Middle East and Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean over the period 1985 to 2005. The results exhibit a positive and significant relationship between remittances and aggregate labor supply. The effect is clearly driven by men in each of the three regions. Three potential explanations are put forward to explain these empirical findings: (1) non-migrating household members are likely to increase their labor supply in order to defray migration-related expenses; (2) neighboring households increase their labor supply to help family members migrate after they become more aware of the benefits of remittances; and (3) remittances overcome credit constraints, thus generating employment.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Coming Home? Patterns and Characteristics of Return Migration in Kyrgyzstan – Thieme – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Abstract
Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Kazakhstan are all major destinations for labour migrants from rural areas of southern Kyrgyzstan. Along with searching for better income, younger men and women also migrate for educational purposes; children and elderly people stay behind. While older migrants often regard this separation from their families as temporary, younger people start to put down roots in places other than their homes and this has long-term consequences for development in rural areas. The paper therefore looks into families’ multi-local settings and why young migrants fail to return home. It also considers the potential impact on rural development including remittance dependency, an increasing shortage of qualified labour and new conditions of social care. The paper concludes with an assessment of the policy implications.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Professional Identities in Transit: Factors Shaping Immigrant Labour Market Success – Remennick – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Abstract
Immigrant professionals comprise a growing segment within current migration waves, but the determinants of successful transnational skill transfer are poorly understood. In this paper, I offer a framework for the evaluation of these determinants, drawing upon three empirical studies among immigrant professionals from the former Soviet Union in Israel. I start by describing the social context of immigrant integration, including policies aimed at assisting skilled immigrants to get a fresh start on the local labour market. Next, I reflect on the nature of various professions in terms of their cultural and linguistic dependency, with the ensuing adaptive potential upon migration. I also tap into the main macro-economic and institutional characteristics of the host society that may facilitate or hinder the initial entry and subsequent mobility of immigrant professionals within local organizations. I apply this analytical frame to the discussion of Israeli studies among immigrant professionals who represent three different points on the scale of cultural dependency: engineers (technical occupation), physicians (combining standard medical training with cultural skills) and schoolteachers (most dependent on language and local cultural codes). In every case, the resulting success or failure of occupational continuity reflects a complex interplay of context-bound and individual factors, aggravated by the small size and rapid saturation of the local labour market.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Argentine Migrants to Spain and Returnees: A Case for Accumulation of Civic Assets – Ginieniewicz – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Abstract
Conceptually, this paper relies on the asset accumulation framework and identifies its relevance to work on Argentine migrants to Spain and returnees. The asset accumulation framework represents an innovative approach to understanding the complexities of migratory flows in a transnational context. In order to comprehend and tackle migration, this framework pays particular attention to investment and savings in various domains, including the financial, social, human, civic and political fields. Responding to gaps in current studies, the objective of this paper is twofold. First, it expands the asset accumulation framework by differentiating between civic and political assets. Second, using data drawn from interviews conducted among Argentine migrants and returnees in the cities of Barcelona and Buenos Aires, this paper fleshes out the definition of civic assets. The findings indicate that, for interviewees, moving to Spain implied the accumulation of civic assets that enhanced the development of a more equitable and democratic society. Respondents incorporated new civic capabilities in several areas, including increased environmental awareness and tolerance for minority groups, as well as the acquisition of knowledge about equity and labour rights. In addition, results suggest that, as a result of the migratory experience, many interviewees went through reflective processes that made them question their old presumptions about both the receiving and sending societies.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Beyond Guilt and Stigma: Changing Attitudes among Israeli Migrants in Canada – Harris – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Abstract
Over 60 years ago, the Jewish nationalist movement known as Zionism culminated in the creation of the State of Israel. Millions of Jews immigrated to Israel over the twentieth century, a process known as aliya (literally, “going up”). Yet over the years, thousands of Israelis have also chosen to leave Israel in a movement termed yerida (“going down”). As the term suggests, this reverse migration has been highly stigmatized. During the 1960s and 1970s, emigrants were publicly disparaged in the Israeli media for having abandoned a struggling state. Consequently, Israeli migrants suffered strong feelings of guilt that often, hampered their integration process abroad, a phenomenon observed as late as the 1990s. This paper, however, reveals that feelings of stigmatization have greatly decreased among Israeli migrants in recent years. The study is based on research that I conducted in 2008–2009, involving nine months of participant observation in Vancouver’s Israeli community and 34 in-depth interviews. Unlike in previous studies, most of my informants expressed no feelings of guilt over having left Israel. Of those who did, most framed their guilt as a longing for family and friends rather than the patriotic longing for the land as expressed by previous generations. Previous studies have also found that Israelis harbour a “myth of return”– a continuously expressed desire to return to Israel and a reluctance to accept their stay abroad as permanent. However, I have not found that the myth of return is still strong today, despite the continued prevalence of a strong sense of Israeli identity among Israelis abroad. I suggest that these changing attitudes are the product of shifting ideals in Israeli society that have developed as the state of Israel has matured. This paper thus serves to update the outdated image of Israeli migrants as it exists in the prevailing literature.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Identifying Gaps in Health Research among Refugees Resettled in Canada – Patil – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Abstract
While the global number of resettled refugees rises annually, the summaries of research on refugee health needs in countries of asylum remain sparse. We conducted a systematic review of published research on refugee health in Canada in order to: (i) identify studies addressing health outcomes among refugees recently resettled in Canada; (ii) identify general trends in health research conducted in Canada among refugee populations; (iii) identify significant gaps in current knowledge of health-related issues among refugees recently resettled in Canada; (iv) evaluate the quality and consistency of available information; (v) develop a summary of available research results; and (vi) identify priorities for future research. A search of several major citation indices resulted in the analysis of 196 research reports after reviewing more than 5,000 articles. This review is timely, systematic and inclusive; furthermore, potential biases in methodology are clearly assessed. The results indicate an immediate need to address specific gaps in health knowledge for refugee populations and lead us to draw five primary conclusions. First, mental health outcomes dominate the research landscape. Second, cross-sectional studies are most commonly the study design of choice. Third, studies examining some aspect of health among refugees from Asia dominate the literature. Fourth, there is a notable lack of information on cardiovascular diseases and its antecedents. Fifth, indications show that screenings for pre-existing conditions are biased towards communicable diseases. These findings have implications for health monitoring, evaluation and policy affecting the health of refugees resettled in Canada and elsewhere.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Influences of Gender and Race on Immigrant Political Participation: The Case of the Trusted Advocates – Kondo – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
tags: newjournalarticles
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Remittances and the Maintenance of Dual Social Worlds: The Transnational Working Lives of Migrants in Greater London – Batnitzky – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Most research on remittances focuses on economic motivations, with little emphasis on the social contexts in which the remittance economy operates. Through an analysis of in-depth interviews with migrant workers in a London hotel and hospital, we examine how migrants’ familial and social relationships in both sending and receiving countries inform the decision to send remittances. We suggest that remittances are a mechanism through which migrants are able to fulfil multiple obligations to families and places of origin, while also enhancing their own economic status and future. First, satisfying the cultural expectation of sending remittances helps migrants maintain their social worlds at “home”. Second, we observed that both positive and negative changes in power and resources influence the decision to send remittances by motivating migrants to invest in their social position in either their home or receiving country. In sum, we argue that the migrants’ social experience in the United Kingdom might be just as predictive of remittance behaviour as their economic and social status in the country of origin. We, therefore, call for a need to move beyond the often one-sided concern with development by concentrating on the overlapping social worlds of migrants.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Contextualizing Vocabularies of Motive in International Migration: The Case of Taiwanese in the United States – Gu – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Immigrants’ motives are central to understanding immigration, yet they remain an under-researched subject in immigration studies. To fill this gap, this article examines Taiwanese immigrants’ motives for relocating to the United States. Following Mills’ concept of vocabularies of motive, this article treats immigration as situated actions and explores how cumulative causation and structural positions shape immigrants’ interpretations of their immigration decisions. Based on 75 in-depth interviews, this study discovers important differences in motive during two migration phases, initial migration and permanent settlement, as well as differences according to gender, ethnicity, and social class. Migration through education comprises the major pattern of Taiwanese immigration, as most Taiwanese move to the United States to study and then settle there for job opportunities. While men settle for careers, women stay for family wellbeing. One ethnic group, benshengren, tends to settle for job opportunities, while the other, waishengren, migrates to unite their families. Moreover, professionals always consider return as an option, while labourers are determined to stay permanently. Findings of the study suggest the importance of examining the influences of immigration contexts and individual structural positions in shaping personal motives.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Diversity in Return Migration and its Impact on Old Age: The Expectations and Experiences of Returnees in Huelva (Spain) – Gualda – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
tags: newjournalarticles
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Socioeconomic Implications of the Increasing Foreign Remittance to Nepal: Evidence from the Nepal Living Standard Survey – Wagle – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“The period since the 1990s witnessed a strong economic performance and labour demand in many countries in the Middle East, East Asia, and West, which coincided with the major political turmoil in Nepal causing enormous increase in emigration and foreign remittance. Using micro-data for 1996 and 2004, this paper examines foreign remittance to Nepal and its socioeconomic implications. Data indicate that foreign remittance has helped increase income sizably and reduce poverty and income inequality marginally. Various family and individual characteristics are used to test whether the socioeconomically disadvantaged groups such as those with low non-remittance income and assets, low caste and ethnic backgrounds, and from rural areas and remote regions benefited equally from foreign remittance. Analytical strategy involved estimating regressions of foreign remittance using the Generalized Least Squares estimator for families with foreign remittance and Three Stage Least Squares estimator for all families to minimize self-selection and simultaneous causality bias. Although non-remittance income and some of the low caste, ethnic, and spatiality backgrounds showed less consistent relationships, findings suggest that smaller families particularly with low asset-holding and socioeconomic backgrounds were likely to receive less remittance. These findings highlight an important progress that the Nepali society is making toward levelling the playing field in foreign employment and remittance with migration to the regions and countries other than India offering better remittance prospects. Yet, further policy efforts are needed to ensure that foreign employment and remittance do not exacerbate the increasingly polarizing economic structure leaving the bottom sections of the society further worse off.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Over-Education in Multilingual Economies: Evidence from Catalonia – Blázquez – 2012 – International Migration – Wiley Online Library
“Catalonia’s economy is characterized by linguistic diversity and provides a unique opportunity to measure the incidence of language proficiency on over-education, that is, whether individuals with deficient language skills, as non-natives, tend to accept jobs for which they have excessive formal skills. Descriptive evidence suggests the contrary, that individuals with better language knowledge are more likely to be over-educated. However, estimating a model that controls for individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics reveals the opposite: better language knowledge decreases over-education. This effect, although robust to accounting for endogeneity of language knowledge and significant at the individual level, is mostly non-significant on average.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Librarians and Human Rights: Human rights and citizenship education
tags: newjournalarticles
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Integrating Refugees: The Case for a Minority Rights Based Approach
“There is an increasing tendency for Western European states to extend elements of minority rights protection to so-called ‘new’ minorities through the establishment of detailed integration policies and mechanisms to reduce discrimination, whilst also enabling these groups to maintain their own distinct identity. However, thus far, refugee communities have largely been excluded from these policies, and refugee integration policy has evolved in parallel to minority integration policy, focusing primarily on language and citizenship education. The failure of Western European states to establish effective refugee integration policies has led to barriers to refugee integration, such as intolerance, discrimination and opposition to the maintenance of their distinct identity. Consequently, Western European states are now facing large groups of poorly integrated refugees settling permanently in their territory, which in turn has implications for the cohesiveness and stability of society.
This article argues that in order to ensure the integration of refugees, and hence the cohesiveness of society, it is necessary to enable refugee communities to maintain their distinct identity and reduce discrimination. Further, as the majority of Western European states have already established detailed integration policies in respect of other minority groups, it would be effective and viable to include refugees within these pre-existing policy frameworks. First, in order to highlight the importance of taking a new approach to refugee integration, potential barriers to refugee integration and implications for society are identified by considering the interrelationship between integration and identity. Secondly, selected state and EU practice in respect of refugee integration is considered in the light of minority rights obligations, and the shortcomings in state practice are drawn out. Finally, the question of whether refugee communities can be considered to be minorities within international law is addressed, and the benefit of minority rights based policies regarding integration is considered through an examination of state and NGO run integration projects. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Excluding Justice: The Dangerous Intersection between Refugee Claims, Criminal Law, and ‘Guilty’ Asylum Seekers
“The 1951 Refugee Convention contains an ‘exclusion clause’ stipulating that individuals who have committed certain serious crimes – including war crimes and crimes against humanity – are not entitled to the protections associated with being a legal refugee. Each time the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) or a resettlement country conducts an evaluation to determine whether an asylum seeker meets the convention criteria, the exclusion provision is considered.
Principles developed in the criminal context figure prominently in exclusion assessments, a practice that is logical and convenient, both because the language of the provision mandates referral to relevant international instruments and because the entire evaluation is based on determining whether the claimant has committed a crime. There are, however, significant challenges associated with transposing legal ‘tests’ and ‘frameworks’ directly from one paradigm to another, and caution must be taken to ensure that underlying principles of fairness and justice are not compromised.
This article critically evaluates the consequences of applying jurisprudence developed in the criminal context to exclusion assessments. Focusing on the UNHCR’s practices in situations of mass influx, it argues that a failure to consider individual and mitigating circumstances, while simultaneously relying on criminal principles that assume these factors form part of the analysis, can lead to unprincipled decisions and extreme injustices. It further suggests that this problem can be remedied through a re-formulation of the proportionality aspect of the UNHCR’s exclusion process. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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The Supervision of Immigration and Asylum Appeals in the UK – Taking Stock
“This article examines the ways in which the decisions of immigration and asylum tribunals in the UK can be challenged. It argues that recent legislative reforms continue a trend of restriction that threatens to undermine the fair and effective procedures that are essential if the individual rights contained in instruments like the Refugee Convention are to continue to have practical effects. The sort of challenge under consideration, known as ‘onward appeal’, is brought against a determination that is itself the outcome of a tribunal set up to hear appeals against UK Border Agency decisions. According to the traditional administrative justice paradigm in the UK, such challenges are initially dealt with by a second-tier tribunal, followed by an avenue of appeal to the higher courts. Taking account of the policy reasons that underpin legislative reform in the UK, and the wider context of EU and ECHR standards of effective judicial protection, this article attempts to offer a fully contextualised analysis of law reform in this highly specialised and contentious field. Drawing on an empirical research study into the impact of the Asylum and Immigration (Treatment of Claimants, etc) Act 2004, and in light of further reforms introduced in 2010 following the Tribunals Courts and Enforcement Act 2007, the article examines three critical aspects of the reforms to onward appeals: time limits for submission of such appeals, the legal grounds for review, and the structure of higher court supervision. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Acting the Part: Can Non-State Entities Provide Protection Under International Refugee Law?
“This article examines the concept of a non-state actor of protection under European Union asylum law and the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. The need to grapple with this concept has arisen primarily from the wording of article 7(1) of the EC Qualification Directive, which sets out an expansive interpretation of non-state actors, and the decision of the European Court of Justice in Abdulla and ors, which extends this concept to multinational forces. The EC Qualification Directive is said to be based on the 1951 Convention, but this article questions whether article 7(1) is in fact consistent with that Convention. More broadly, the article addresses the complex question of the role of non-state actors within the international refugee law framework and the meaning of refugee ‘protection’. Does the concept of ‘protection’ involve particular functions and attributes that only states can provide? In this regard, the article seeks to reconceptualise the non-state actor debate by highlighting the importance of the state-citizen relationship underlying refugeehood. This new element in the debate provides a much needed theoretical model for analyzing the concept of non state actors of protection that may assist in reaching both a principled and pragmatic answer to the complex legal questions raised. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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‘Quota Refugees’, the Dutch Contribution to Global ‘Burden Sharing’ by Means of Resettlement of Refugees by Marjoleine Zieck :: SSRN
“Abstract:
The international refugee law regime that was created in the wake of the Second World War does not comprise distributive principles as a result of which geographic proximity functions as the primary, often sole, distributive mechanism. The distribution of refugees is consequently unevenly shared among states, understandably giving rise to calls for burden sharing. Rather than states, UNHCR is charged with finding durable solutions for the problem of refugees including that of resettlement and it depends on the discretion of (too few) states to offer resettlement places. One of those states is The Netherlands, which has set an annual quota of 500 refugees (including their relatives) for resettlement. Dutch practice with respect to its ‘quota refugees’ appears to be illustrative of the current use of ‘resettlement’ as neither a form of burden sharing nor necessarily a durable solution for the problem of refugees, and it invites to revisit the meaning of ‘resettlement’: the solution of resettlement will be considered against the background of legal developments, state and UNHCR practice using fuzzy logic as an analytical tool. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Social Care Online: ‘Birds of a feather stick together’? Negotiating community, family and intimate relationships between ‘established’ and ‘newcomer’ Caribbean migrants in Britain.
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This study investigated social relationships between established and new Caribbean migrant communities in Britain. Established migrants are characterised as those who settled in Britain from the 1940s, their offspring and subsequent generations, as opposed to a new influx that arrived and settled from the late 1990s onwards. The assumption is that established and new groups are bonded together through shared cultural and ethnic background. Therefore any differences that exist between the two groups tend to be ignored because it is assumed that the newcomers are automatically absorbed into existing Caribbean communities. Eighty qualitative interviews were conducted with Caribbean migrants, their offspring, and the children of their offspring in London, Birmingham, Manchester and Nottingham, and for those that had returned home Jamaica, Barbados, and Guyana. Findings, drawn from the views and perspectives of Caribbean people to highlight the social hierarchies and cultural stereotypes that exist between established and new migrants, suggest that there are inherent differences exist between these two groups. The author explores issues of change and continuity, and also problems and opportunities that emerge within Caribbean family networks and their relationships.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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HQLO | Full text | Challenges in access to health services and its impact on Quality of Life: a randomised population-based survey within Turkish speaking immigrants in London
tags: newjournalarticles
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Taylor & Francis Online :: Experiences of racism and discrimination among migrant care workers in England: Findings from a mixed-methods research project – Ethnic and Racial Studies – Volume 35, Issue 2
“This article reports part of the findings of research undertaken between 2007 and 2009 that aimed to investigate the contribution made by migrant workers to the care workforce in England. The study involved analysis of national statistics on social care and social workers and semi-structured interviews with a wide range of stakeholders, including ninety six migrant care workers. The interviews elicited some accounts relating experiences of racism and discrimination from some people using social care services, employers, and UK-born care workers. This included directly racist comments and refusals to receive services from workers from a visibly different ethnicity alongside more subtle racism. The research highlights the different kinds of racism experienced by migrant care workers and the importance of the support they receive in terms of balancing their right to protection, managing the workforce, and respecting the choice of people using social care services.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Access to Health Care for Undocumented Migrants: A Comparative Policy Analysis of England and the Netherlands
“The presence of undocumented migrants is increasing in many Western countries despite wide-ranging attempts by governments to increase border security. Measures taken to control the influx of immigrants include policies that restrict access to publicly funded health care for undocumented migrants. These restrictions to health care access are controversial, and evidence suggests they do not always have the intended effect. This study provides a comparative analysis of institutional, actor-related and contextual factors, which have influenced health care policy development on undocumented migrants in England and the Netherlands. For undocumented migrants, England restricts its access to care at the point of service, while the Netherlands restricts through the payment system for services. The study includes an analysis of policy papers and semistructured, in-depth interviews with various actors in both countries. Findings confirm the influence of such contextual factors as immigration considerations and cost concerns on health care policy making in this area. However, these factors cannot explain the differences between the two countries. Previously enacted policies, especially the organization of the health care system, affected the kind of restrictions for undocumented migrants. Concerns about the side effects of generous treatment of undocumented migrants on other groups played a substantial role in formulating restrictive policies in both countries. Evidently, policy development and implementation is critically affected by institutional rules, which govern the degree of influence that doctors and professional medical associations have on the policy process. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Journal of Population Research, Volume 29, Number 1 – SpringerLink
“This paper reports on projections of the United Kingdom’s ethnic group populations for 2001–2051. For the years 2001–2007 we estimate fertility rates, survival probabilities, internal migration probabilities and international migration flows for 16 ethnic groups and 355 UK areas. We make assumptions about future component rates, probabilities and flows and feed these into our projection model. This model is a cohort-component model specified for single years of age to 100+. To handle this large state space, we employed a bi-regional model. We implement four projections: (1) a benchmark projection that uses the component inputs for 2001; (2) a trend projection where assumptions beyond 2007 are adjusted to those in the UK 2008-based National Population Projections (NPP); (3) a projection that modifies the NPP assumptions and (4) a projection that uses a different emigration assumption. The projected UK population ranges between a low of 63 millions in 2051 under the first projection to a high of 79 million in the third projection. Under all projections ethnic composition continues to change: the White British, White Irish and Black Caribbean groups experience the slowest growth and lose population share; the Other White and Mixed groups to experience relative increases in share; South Asian groups grow strongly as do the Chinese and Other Ethnic groups. The ethnic minority share of the population increases from 13% (2001) to 25% in the trend projection but to only 20% under our modified emigration projection. However, what is certain is that the UK can look forward to be becoming a more diverse nation by mid-century. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Journal of Population Research, Volume 29, Number 1 – SpringerLink
“This paper considers the ethnic dimension of changing usual residence using 1-year data from the 2001 Census, the only available comprehensive source of origin-destination flow data on Whites and non-white minority groups. The analysis identifies the variation in migration propensities at national level by ethnic group and by age and investigates spatial patterns of ethnic migration at local authority district scale using an area classification based on migration variables extracted from the 2001 Census. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Taylor & Francis Online :: Othered voices: asylum-seeking mothers and early years education – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal – Volume 19, Issue 4
“Strengthening the home–school partnership is a strategy to raise achievement levels and to engage ‘hard-to-reach’ parents with education in the UK, however this political ideal has been critiqued as exclusive and based on a white, middle class model. This article explores how six asylum-seeking mothers manage their children’s early years education, with a specific focus on the concept of parent-partnership. Asylum-seekers in the UK are stigmatised in the media and one of the most marginalised groups in society. The mothers participated in a three-hour group interview with questions, ranking cards and discussion interpreted into the home languages. Findings highlight tensions in language learning, a lack of appropriate cultural resources, perceptions of teachers as experts, and differing values as desired attributes for their children. The implications of these findings extend our knowledge of an under-researched group of mothers and young children and, if replicated, may inform future early years practice.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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Taylor & Francis Online :: Learning the nation in exile: constructing youth identities, belonging and ‘citizenship’ in Palestinian refugee camps in south Lebanon – Comparative Education – Volume 48, Issue 1
“This paper examines the ways in which ‘Palestine’ and ‘Palestinianess’ are culturally, socially and symbolically produced and regulated through formal and non-formal institutional sites in Palestinian camps in south Lebanon. It argues that although institutional power, processes and outcomes help to construct shared notions of ‘Palestinianess’, they also produce contestations and internal ‘others’. Moreover, since Palestinian youth identities are produced inter-textually across multiple civil society institutions, the artificial divide between the school and the community is challenged, the school is decentred as the primary learning site for the construction of youth identities, and notions of ‘student’ and ‘teacher’ are destabilised. This has important implications for how citizenship education is theorised and practised in the contexts of transience, political instability and conflict.”
tags: newjournalarticles
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ingentaconnect I have so many successful stories: framing social citizenship for…
“Abstract:
The current US refugee resettlement system reflects the US government’s agenda of having refugees acquire quick employment with low state welfare dependence and minimal fiscal and cultural disruption to the receiving communities. The non-governmental organizations (NGOs) assisting refugees hold broader goals for refugees, including feeling a sense of belonging in the USA. These goals represent a framing of social citizenship rights for refugees, and how NGOs frame social citizenship varies depending upon the NGOs contractual relationship with the US welfare state. Using data from 57 in-depth interviews, I describe how resettlement and assistance NGOs currently frame social citizenship for refugees in relation to market citizenship, and how their relationship with the federal government shapes this framing. Findings illustrate the role of NGOs in creating a discursive space for expanding the social citizenship rights of refugees and the ways such framing is highly constrained by the definitions of belonging that emerge from market citizenship. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Supporting refugee students in schools: What constitutes inclusive education? – UQ eSpace
“The worldwide rise in numbers of refugees and asylum seekers suggests the need to examine the practices of those institutions charged with their resettlement in host countries. In this paper we investigate the role of one important institution – schooling – and its contribution to the successful resettlement of refugee children. We begin with an examination of forced migration and its links with globalisation, and the barriers to inclusion confronting refugees. A discussion of the educational challenges confronting individual refugee youth and schools is followed by case studies of four schools engaging in good practice in the provision of education for refugee youth. Using our findings and other research, we outline a model of good practice in refugee education. We conclude by discussing how educational institutions might play a more active role in facilitating transitions to citizenship for refugee youth through an inclusive approach. “
tags: newjournalarticles
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Negotiating Citizenship on the Frontlines: How the Devolution of Canadian Immigration Policy Shapes Service Delivery to Women Fleeing Abuse by RUPALEEM BHUYAN :: SSRN
Abstract:
This article examines how nongovernmental service providers navigate devolutionary trends in Canada, in both immigration control and integration policy, when responding to migrants who come to them for help and support. Drawing upon conceptualizations of citizenship as a “negotiated relationship” (Stasiulis and Bakan 2003), I explore how social service providers, who work amidst a complex interplay of federal, provincial, and local policies, can influence both who is deemed worthy of social membership and what rights an individual can successfully claim from the state. Empirically, this article focuses on observation of community meetings and conversational interviews with service providers in violence against women shelters in Toronto, Ontario, Canada’s most populous and diverse city. While service providers navigate different levels of government to advocate for women’s rights to seek safety from abuse, I argue that both individual service providers and the organizations in which they work monitor and constrain the degree to which they openly challenge state authority to restrict immigrants’ “right to have rights” (Arendt 1951 [1979], 296).
tags: newjournalarticles
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Emerald | International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care | Exploring migrants’ health seeking strategies: the case of Latin American migrants in London
Purpose – The objective of this paper is to examine the health seeking strategies of Latin American migrants in London.Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on a small case study analysis conducted with Latin American migrants in London and relevant stakeholders.Findings – The paper highlights that even where Latin American migrants do have entitlements to use the NHS, a series of informal barriers limits their access. As a consequence many employ a range of transnational health-seeking strategies in order to seek resolution to their health problems. These findings repeat those identified in other studies and point to the need to gain a better understanding of migrant’s exclusion and marginalisation in relation to formal health care providers. At the same time, the findings point to the lack of long-term resolution many migrants experience in relation to their health care needs, raising important questions about health inequalities.Research limitations/implications – Latin Americans represent a hugely diverse and heterogeneous group of migrants who have differing values and belief systems in relation to health care. A more detailed study is necessary in order to fully understand their health seeking behaviour in a UK context.Originality/value – Latin Americans represent a “new migrant” population in the UK and are considerably under-researched compared to more established migrant communities. At the same time they are an unrecognised group and are therefore excluded from many policy debates. This paper seeks to address this lack of knowledge.
tags: newjournalarticles
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Family therapy with Eastern European immigrants: recommendations for practice
Family therapy with Eastern European immigrants: recommendations for practice
tags: newjournalarticles
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Epidemiological profile of an urban immigrant population
Purpose – The health status and medical care of migrant populations is an increasingly important topic in light of the recent emergence of a number of global epidemics. This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of diseases, injuries, and other health problems in the Caribbean-American population of Miami, Florida.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 290 Caribbean-born permanent adult residents of Miami, representing 17 different Caribbean countries of origin, was interviewed at three health clinics regarding current health problems and treatments. Demographic data were also collected.Findings – In total, 38 percent of the respondents indicated past or current health problems requiring professional medical care, while an additional 7 percent engaged in self-care. The 62 different reported conditions ranged from lung cancer to ulcers, kidney stones, clinical depression, scoliosis, and diverticulitis. The most frequently stated disorders were hypertension, asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and arthritis. Anti-hypertensives, cardiac modifiers, and analgesics accounted for the majority of the 26 reported prescription medications. A smaller number indicated the usage of chemotherapy, insulin, allergy medicines, and other individualized prescriptions. A total of 62.5 percent of the respondents employed traditional medicinal plants for preventive and therapeutic care or to supplement biomedicines in the treatment of culture-bound syndromes.Research limitations/implications – The epidemiological profile of this sample suggests a positive correlation between genetically-influenced degenerative disorders and urbanization.Originality/value – This research reveals the health profile of a previously unstudied population and hopefully will guide future treatment plans for this and similar communities.
tags: newjournalarticles
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Emerald | International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care | What’s in a number? Counting the African population of Portland, Oregon: methods, issues and implications for community health collaborations
Purpose – Aware that “those who aren’t counted don’t count” in health program planning, a community coalition, called African Partnership for Health, attempts a current estimate of the African community living in Portland, Oregon, USA. This paper seeks to describe the findings.Design/methodology/approach – The paper’s definition of the “African community” was crucially informed by community participation in the research process. The authors drew on existing publicly available data sources to estimate the size of the target population and identified the strengths and weaknesses of each source.Findings – Conservative estimations are of a 2010 African community population of 11,500-15,500 for the Portland metropolitan area. No data source on its own would have resulted in this estimate.Research limitations/implications – Areas for further research include creating practical systems to collect data on country of origin and to address an existing data bias towards refugees over immigrants. In the USA, more robust data collection systems are needed to estimate the impact of secondary migration on the size and characteristics of refugee and immigrant communities.Practical implications – Health program planners should be aware that existing data may include more information about some groups (refugees as opposed to immigrants) and emphasize some characteristics (race as opposed to country of origin).Originality/value – Including immigrant and refugee community members in the research process can result in more relevant definition of that community, which may lead to more effective program targeting and design.
tags: newjournalarticles
